If you were to ask each of your friends why they listen to music, you would probably get many answers. We have many reasons for listening to and making music - it serves many purposes, or functions, in our lives.
Alan Merriam was an ethnomusicologist – someone who studies music in the context of a particular culture – in the 20th century. Through his research, he found that all human cultures share these ten functions of music:
- Emotional expression: music provides a way for us to share our feelings with other people.
- Communication: music can convey not just emotions but practical information to listeners.
- Symbolic representation: musical sounds can convey meaning that is understood by listeners. The “Jaws” theme is a good example.
- Enforcement of conformity to social norms: music can provide instructions or warnings that help us to function in society.
- Validation of social institutions and religious rituals: music is used to enhance the mood of weddings, funerals, state occasions, church services, and other rituals.
- Contribution to the continuity and stability of culture: music is a way to preserve a culture’s values
- Contribution to the integration of society: music is one of the tools that help children learn how to behave within their culture.
- Aesthetic enjoyment: listening to or playing music can provide a deep sense of satisfaction and appreciation for life’s beauty.
- Entertainment: music is fun to listen to!
- Physical response: music can be used for physical activities like dancing, marching, or working out.
What do you think? How do you use music in your life?
